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Copper

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 Copper is a reddish-gold colored metal that is ductile, malleable, and an effective conductor of heat and electricity. Copper was the first metal to be worked with by humans and is among the most widely used metals today.Copper combines well with other metals to form widely used alloys such as brass and bronze. Copper is considered a base metal, as it oxidizes relatively easily. It has the symbol Cu and the atomic number of 29 on the periodic table. The name is derived from the Latin aes Cyprium, meaning ore from Cyprus. The discovery that copper could be alloyed with tin to form bronze gave rise to the Bronze Age. 1 Copper was used to make coins along with silver and gold. It is the most common of the three metals and so is the least valued. All U.S. coins are now copper alloys, and gun metals also contain copper. Most copper is used in electrical equipment such as wiring and motors. It also has uses in construction, for example in plumbing, and industrial machinery such as heat ...
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Rubber

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 rubber, elastic substance obtained from the exudations of certain tropical plants (natural rubber) or derived from petroleum and natural gas (synthetic rubber). Because of its elasticity, resilience, and toughness, rubber is the basic constituent of the tires used in automotive vehicles, aircraft, and bicycles.More than half of all rubber produced goes into automobile tires; the rest goes into mechanical parts such as mountings, gaskets, belts, and hoses, as well as consumer products such as shoes, clothing, furniture, and toys.The main chemical constituents of rubber are elastomers, or “elastic polymers,” large chainlike molecules that can be stretched to great lengths and yet recover their original shape. The first common elastomer was polyisoprene, from which natural rubber is made. Formed in a living organism, natural rubber consists of solids suspended in a milky fluid, called latex, that circulates in the inner portions of the bark of many tropical and subtropical trees and ...
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Tiles

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 Tiles are usually thin, square or rectangular coverings manufactured from hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, baked clay, or even glass. They are generally fixed in place in an array to cover roofs, floors, walls, edges, or other objects such as tabletops. Alternatively, tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from lightweight materials such as perlite, wood, and mineral wool, typically used for wall and ceiling applications. In another sense, a tile is a construction tile or similar object, such as rectangular counters used in playing games (see tile-based game). The word is derived from the French word tuile, which is, in turn, from the Latin word tegula, meaning a roof tile composed of fired clay.Tiles are often used to form wall and floor coverings, and can range from simple square tiles to complex or mosaics. Tiles are most often made of ceramic, typically glazed for internal uses and unglazed for roofing, but other materials are also commonly used, su...
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Marbles

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 marble, granular limestone or dolomite (i.e., rock composed of calcium-magnesium carbonate) that has been recrystallized under the influence of heat, pressure, and aqueous solutions. Commercially, it includes all decorative calcium-rich rocks that can be polished, as well as certain serpentines (verd antiques).Science Earth Science, Geologic Time & Fossils Earth Sciences marble rock Written and fact-checked by  Article History marble, granular limestone or dolomite (i.e., rock composed of calcium-magnesium carbonate) that has been recrystallized under the influence of heat, pressure, and aqueous solutions. Commercially, it includes all decorative calcium-rich rocks that can be polished, as well as certain serpentines (verd antiques). marble quarry marble quarry See all media Related Topics: Parian marble Pentelic marble calcite marble Carrara marble onyx marble Petrographically marbles are massive rather than thin-layered and consist of a mosaic of calcite grains that rar...
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Minerals

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Minerals are substances that are formed naturally in the Earth. Minerals vary in composition, from pure elements and simple salts to very complex silicates with thousands of known forms. In contrast, a rock sample is a random aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids, and has no specific chemical composition. Most of the rocks of the Earth's crust have quartz (crystalline SiO2), feldspar, mica, chlorite, kaolin, calcite, epidote, olivine, augite, hornblende, magnetite, hematite, limonite and a few other minerals. Some minerals, like quartz, mica or feldspar are common, while others have been found in only a few places in the world. The largest group of minerals by far is the silicates (most rocks are ≥95% silicates), which are made largely of silicon and oxygen, also with ions of aluminium, magnesium, iron, calcium and other metals. Rocks are made of minerals. Minerals are usually solid, inorganic, have a crystal structure, and form naturally by geological processes.[1] The study of...
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Climate Change

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 Climate change represents one of the most critical global challenges of our time, driven by a complex interplay of factors, including carbon emissions, volcanic eruptions, and solar radiation. However, it’s the impact of human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion, deforestation, and vehicular pollution, that has significantly accelerated this phenomenon. These activities have resulted in more frequent and severe extreme weather events, posing a grave threat to the planet’s biodiversity. Forests, which play a vital role in carbon absorption, are facing the risk of mass extinctions. The polar regions, crucial for regulating Earth’s climate, are particularly vulnerable, with many species at the brink of extinction. Erratic rainfall patterns have led to catastrophic events like floods and droughts, disrupting water systems and impacting communities. Various species, from polar bears struggling to find food due to melting ice caps to tigers facing habitat loss, are in jeopar...
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Natural Resources

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 Natural resources are classified according to their renewability. There are renewable and non-renewable natural resources. Renewable natural resources are replenished naturally Renewable natural resources refer to those naturally occurring resources that are replenished naturally. Air is a natural resource that is always present around us naturally. We need the oxygen in the air to breathe to keep alive. If there is no air to breathe we cannot survive. Plants need the carbon dioxide present in the air to carry out photosynthesis. Plants also need sunlight and water for photosynthesis. Sunlight and water are also natural resources. Sunlight is needed by all life forms. The sun keeps our planet warm. The sun is also a source of light and energy for all life forms. Water is also vital natural resource. The hydrological cycle replenishes water on the Earth. The heat of the sun evaporates water and the process of condensation brings pure water back to the Earth. Water is necessary for ...
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